Re-Authorization of the Bilingual Education Act

Anticipating the need for informed discussion leading to the 1978 re-authorization of the Bilingual Education Act, CAL, with support from the Carnegie Foundation, commissioned state-of-the-art review papers of relevant knowledge in social sciences, linguistics, law, and education and convened a series of conferences in 1976 to 1977 bringing together researchers and concerned federal policymakers.

Leann Parker coordinated the conferences and edited the resulting series of five volumes, which provided a still-valuable conspectus of the state of research knowledge. In other directions, when the U.S. Census Bureau, together with the National Center for Education Statistics in the Department of Education, was tasked to conduct a nationwide survey to determine the need for bilingual education, CAL was awarded a large project, directed by Walter Stolz, to develop a proxy measure of English language proficiency (MELP) for use in the 1976 Survey of Income and Education.

The results of the survey became the basis for appropriations under the 1978 reauthorization of Title VII. CAL also conducted research on criteria for the evaluation of bilingual education programs and carried out a feasibility study for the international assessment of bilingual programs (which ultimately influenced the design of the highly successful national bilingual educational program in Guatemala).

CAL staff also had extensive input into the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights’ influential 1975 report on bilingual education, A Better Chance to Learn. On the international front, CAL’s director twice served as U.S. representative to United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) conferences in Paris on minority languages in education. In the institutionally isolated area of bilingual vocational education, CAL worked closely with the Department of Labor on developing guidelines for successful programs. Mary Galván, a former president of the Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) organization, took a major role in this work.

CAL was also active in responding to misinformation about bilingual education. In 1978, when an official of the Department of Education called a press conference to announce the somewhat negative findings of an evaluation of bilingual program effectiveness, a CAL staff member, Tracy Gray, obtained the report the night before and wrote a critical analysis exposing flaws in the study. Her analysis was given to media representatives as they emerged from the press conference, and most newspapers reporting on the study acknowledged that the results had been seriously questioned by CAL.

Working To Make Education Advocacy A Reality

Educational advocacy is a diverse field. It encompasses both working to reform public and private schools and to impact the public policies that underlie those schools. groups such as the Acton Institute propose reform through morality in education and free market initiatives. Other centers for reform work to enhance the effectiveness of school districts.

Yet despite this diversity of agendas, all such groups bear one key commonality. They are all dedicated to education reform and the success of each is contingent on developing professional capacities that typify best managerial practices. This article shares several recommendations specifically focused on improving operational effectiveness.

Embrace academic professionals

With no small measure of irony, it is a belief among some, that campus practitioners are too closely intertwined to be effective in influencing education public policies. However, these very practitioners train young campus leaders for careers as advocates and grassroots organizers.

The students of such practitioners are outstanding candidates to be inspired as members in the movements to support your education reform cause. And though such students may lack the resources to travel and interact personally with your team, the widespread availability of free conference calling solutions means that efficacious methods of communication through teleconferencing are affordable.

Remain focused

The most effectively managed educational reform groups are ones that stay clearly focused on their mission and do not get enmeshed in peripheral goals. Virtually all educational advocacy groups operate under substantial time constraints. Focusing on four goals with total effort will generally yield superior results compared to going after four goals at one fourth effort.

Increase your network

The most successful educational advocacy groups create networks of supporters who share their values and mission. While the word “networking” often gets a bad connotation, the absolute fact is these networks can provide substantial support and can extend across universities, high schools and elementary programs as well as non academic related institutions. Indeed, they provide the psychological support which is so critical to maintaining enthusiasm amongst group officers and members.

Use technology more strategically

Some educational advocacy groups have far flung leadership teams, and it is difficult to have in person meetings. Conference calling systems can only go so far. One solution is to use an application to allow desktop sharing. Whether it’s sharing a PowerPoint presentation showing the group’s fund raising plan or a spreadsheet showing the performance desktop sharing can be extremely useful for not a few educational advocacy groups.

Collaborate with other environmental advocacy groups

The Charter School movement in The State of California alone has tens of thousands of committed community practitioners who are mobilizing others to seek change.
And in the next few years, there will likely be increasing levels of coordination between geographically diverse environmental advocacy groups. As discussed above one underlying factor is the increasing access to free conference call offerings such as Rondee and other simple to use methods teleconferencing.

The silver lining in all this is that these methods are not costly. Educational reform groups can improve their performance through these techniques.